Fig. 3

Spatial distribution patterns of multiciliated, secretory, basal, and macrophage cells across different datasets. Top: A UMAP representation of scRNA-seq data, along with the spatial patterns of the selected cell types in the upper lobe slice of the paired familial IPF lung. Middle: A UMAP representation of scRNA-seq data and the corresponding cell types in the lower lobe slice of the same sample. Bottom: A UMAP representation and spatial distribution of selected cell types in the unpaired IPF lung sample. Notably, multiciliated, secretory, and basal cell types exhibit distinct and prominent spatial patterns. Importantly, these cell types consistently exhibit close proximity to each other across all three datasets, consistent with previous studies on the organization of the respiratory system [28,29,30]